Note: items CAPITALIZED are primary sources from the California Historical Society collection. All others are works in the collection of various libraries. To see sources, shuttle to Bibliography by Source.
 

----. California pictorial lettersheets, 1849-1859; museum reproductions of unique pictorial writing paper used in gold rush California, selected from rare originals in the archives of the California Historical Society, San Francisco. San Francisco: Reynard Press, c1961.

----. Celestial empire in California. San Francisco, Britton & Rey, 1850.

----. Chin-shan ko chi. Songs of Gold Mountain: Cantonese rhymes from San Francisco Chinatown. [In English] Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
 
----. The Hoff store site and gold rush merchandise from San Francisco, California. Pleasant Hill, Calif.: Society for Historical Archaeology, c1990.

----. History of Music Project : Music of the gold rush era. New York: AMS Press, 1972.

----. Report of the Historical Committee of the Society of California Pioneers made at the regular monthly meeting of the society, April 1st, 1901 refuting certain slanderous and false statements made from time to time against the pioneer men and women of California by preachers of several religious denominations. San Francisco: Society of California Pioneers, 1901.
 

ADAMS AND COMPANY BANK (1849-55). RECORDS, 1849-54. 1 volume. Records of the banking firm which opened in San Francisco in 1849 as an express company and in 1850 extended its services to include banking. The company failed in the Panic of 1855 and its assets were taken over by the banking house of Palmer, Cook and Company. The volume contains 2500 depositors' signatures, including many prominent Californians.

Adams, Edgar Holmes. Private gold coinage of California, 1849-55, its history and its issues. Brooklyn, NY: E. H. Adams, 1913.

ADAMS, SAMUEL (1810-88). PAPERS, 1849-53, 1861-62, 1899-1901. 38 items, including 2 volumes. Papers and diary kept by Dr. Adams, a druggist in San Francisco for approximately thirty years. The diary chronicles his 1849 voyage from New York to San Francisco aboard the barque Mazeppa, and gives a detailed daily account of his business and domestic life in San Francisco. The collection also contains letters written by Adams to his wife discussing his plans for his voyage, life in California, and his business concerns. Included are papers related to his brief tenure as a mail agent in 1853 for the Post Office Department. Albany, Weed-Parsons Print Co., 1894.

ALTA CALIFORNIA (1849-91). RECORDS, 1849. 1 volume. The first account book from San Francisco's first daily newspaper, in the handwriting of one of the newspaper's original owners, Edward Gilbert. (Kemble Collections)

ARGENTI (F.) AND COMPANY (1849-56). RECORDS, 1851-54. 2 volumes. Record of customer accounts for banking house organized by Felix Argenti, one of San Francisco's leading merchants, and T. Allen. 1854 marked the last year the bank accepted customer deposits although they continued to sell exchange on France and England. The bank failed in 1856.

Asbury, Herbert. The Barbary Coast; an informal history of the San Francisco underworld. Long Beach, CA., Brown and Nourse, 1949 [c1933].

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Bancroft, Hubert Howe. California inter pocula. San Francisco: The History Company, 1888.

Barker, Malcolm. More San Francisco memoirs, 1852-1899: the ripening years. San Francisco: Londonborn Publicatons, 1996.

Barker, Malcolm. San Francisco memoirs, 1835-1851: eyewitness accounts of the birth of a city. San Francisco: Londonborn Publications, 1994.

Barnhart, Jacqueline Baker. Working women: prostitution in San Francisco from the Gold Rush to 1900. 1977.

Baumohl, James Andrew. Dashaways and doctors: the treatment of habitual drunkards in San Francisco from the Gold Rush to Prohibition. 1986.

Benezra, Barbara. Gold dust and petticoats. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, c1964.

BENTON, JOHN ELIOT. PAPERS, 1853-58, 1944. 11 items. Papers of Reverend Benton, a minister of the Congregational Church and a leader of the Religious Society of the Mission Dolores, which was formed in 1853 for the purpose of establishing and constructing a Protestant church in the Mission Valley. The collection is composed of documents pertaining to the construction of the church; two deeds, 1853-54, executed by the Religious Society of the Mission Dolores, and specifications and an agreement for building the church. Also, Reverend Benton's sermon notes, and a deed for a cemetary plot at Lone Mountain Cemetery. In addition, there are two typescripts, 1944, by the donor Elizabeth S. Benton. One deals with the history of Benton's efforts to establish a church in the Mission Valley, with excerpts from the Church's records. The other essay is about a painting of the Mission Valley done in 1858 by Mary Parke Seavy Benton. The painting is in the collection of the CHS Fine Arts and Exhibitions Department.

Bickham, William Dennison. A Buckeye in the land of gold: the letters and journal of William Dennison Bickham. Spokane, WA: A. H. Clark Co., 1996.

BIGELOW, SAMUEL CUTLER (1824-1904). REMINISCENSES, n.d. 2 typewritten copies, 34 leaves. Autobiographical sketch of Bigelow, a California Republican Assemblyman from San Francisco (1862-63), describing his early life in New York and Vermont, and giving information on his career; arrival in San Francisco in 1853 to engage in the mercantile business, employment as business agent for Thomas O. Larkin, and election to the State Legislature in 1861. (MS 156, processed)

BILLINGS, FREDERICK (1823-90). PAPERS, 1850-69. 7 items, including 1 volume. Business papers of a San Francisco attorney who was a member of the law firm of Halleck, Peachy and Billings. Includes a logbook of Billings' cases with a partial index, a brief summary of the case, and the actions taken, 1857-69; four deeds for property in San Francisco and Sacramento purchased by Billings and others; a letter from Billings to a Mr. Page regarding the firm's account; and Billings' license to practice law in California, 1850. (MS 158, processed)
Branch, Edgar. Clemens of the Call; Mark Twain in San Francisco. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969.

Browning, Peter. San Francisco/Yerba Buena: from the beginning to the Gold Rush 1769-1849. Lafayette, CA: Great West Books, c1998.

Chinard, Gilbert. When the French came to California. San Francisco. California Historical Society, 1944.

CLARK, WILLIAM SQUIRE (1807-89). PAPERS, 1847-91. 11 items, including 4 volumes. Papers of an early San Francisco businessman and landowner, for whom Clark's Point in San Francisco is named. Collection consists of a daybook, journal and ledger, 1836-44, for a business Clark was involved with in Michigan City, Indiana(?); several deeds for property in San Francisco and Santa Clara County; and an abstract of title for a fifty-vara lot in San Francisco owned by Clark. (MS 387, unprocessed)

Clarke, Dwight Lancelot. William Tecumseh Sherman: gold rush banker. San Francisco: California Historical Society, 1969.

Clinton, David Douglas. Laboring for the golden dream: labor in gold rush San Francisco. 1991.

Cogswell, Moses Pearson. The gold rush diary of Moses Pearson Cogswell of New Hampshire. Concord, N.H.: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1949.

Coit, Daniel Wadsworth. Digging for gold without a shovel; the letters of Daniel Wadsworth Coit from Mexico City to San Francisco 1848-1851. Denver: Old West Pub. Co., 1967.

Cole, Tom. A short history of San Francisco. San Francisco: Lexikos, 1981.

COOPER, ELIAS SAMUEL (1822-62). PAPERS, 1854-62, 1866. 10 boxes. Collected papers of a medical pioneer on the West coast. Cooper was the founder of the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, 1859, one of the founders of the California State Medical Society, and co-founder of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of San Francisco in 1855. The material was gathered by Dr. Ludwig A. Emge for a book on the life of Dr. Cooper. The bulk of the collection consists of Cooper's lectures, speeches, and papers on numerous medical and surgical procedures; nine volumes of case records, 1854-62; ten account books, 1852-62, listing the patients' names and payments; notes on operations and treatments, many of which were innovative. There is some family correspondence, 1854-55, and professional correspondence, 1854-60. The papers also contain a great deal of material regarding an 1858 malpractice suit against Cooper, involving a caesarean operation, including the transcript of the trial. Included are Cooper's notes on the use of chloroform as an anesthetic, letters and other material concerning the California State Medical Society, 1856-59; and reports and letters relating to the Medico-Chirurgical Society of San Francisco, 1856, 1858. There is also material for the years before Cooper came to San Francisco, while he was living and practicing in Peoria, Illinois; primarily case records and professional correspondence.

DASHAWAY ASSOCIATION. RECORDS, 1859. 1 volume. Minutes for a benevolent association formed for the purpose of promoting temperance. (MS 526, unprocessed)

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DAVIS, WILLIAM HEATH (1822-1909).PAPERS, 1838-71. 31 items, including 2 volumes. Personal and business letters to Davis, pioneer California resident, merchant and landowner. Correspondents include Thomas O. Larkin, John C. Jones, John A. Sutter and John Parrott. The collection includes two account books, 1842-45, kept by Davis while he was supercargo aboard the Don Quixote to Honolulu, and while he was an agent for the firm of Paty, McKinley & Company; and several orders and receipts from several prominent men in California's early history. (Vault MS 86, unprocessed)

Delano, Alonzo. Pen Knife sketches, or, Chips of the Old Block a series of original illustrated letters. Sacramento: Published at the Union Office, 1853.

DIMMICK, KIMBALL HALE. DIARY 1848. Typed transcription, 29 pages. Journal kept by a young ordnance officer serving with the New York Volunteers at the San Francisco Presidio. He describes his experiences while stationed at the Presidio, news of the Mexican War, the effects of the gold discovery and the desertion of men to mine for gold, court martials and floggings for desertion, prices of food, possible impeachment of President Polk, and the passage of ships. (MS 584, processed)

Doble, John. Journal and letters from the mines: Mokelumne Hill, Jackson, Volcano and San Francisco, 1851-1865. Edited by Charles L. Camp. Denver: Old West Pub. Co. [c1962]

DODGE, HENRY LEE (1825-?). PAPERS, 1848-50, 1854, 1864. 7 items. Papers of a pioneer San Francisco resident, politician, lawyer and businessman. The collection includes an 1854 letter to Dodge from John W. Geary regarding a court case Geary was involved in, and several personal documents, including Dodge's passport and notary public license. (MS 593, unprocessed)
Dressler, Albert, ed. California's pioneer circus, Joseph Andrew Rowe, founder; memoirs and personal correspondence relative to the circus business through the gold country in the 50's. San Francisco: Printed by H.S. Crocker Co., c1926.

Drury, William. Norton the First. New York, NY: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1986.

DWINELLE, JOHN WHIPPLE (1816-81). PAPERS, 1825, 1849-83, 1931-36. 110 items. Papers of a prominent San Francisco lawyer, legislator and settler of 1849. The collection includes scattered personal and business correspondence, 1825-79; an appointment book for 1873; and three scrapbooks of newspaper articles by him concerning a trip to California in 1849, a European trip, 1869-70, and clippings dealing with the water supply issue in San Francisco, 1877. The collection also contains some papers of William W. Chipman which Dwinelle acquired after his marriage to Chipman's widow, Caroline. These papers include typed excerpts from diaries kept by Chipman, 1850 and 1863-64; some letters; the original and a typed copy of the land transaction for Alameda in which Chipman and Gideon Anghinbaugh acquired the land, 1852; and surveys of the Encinal San Antonio, 1851-52, 1874. The later material deals with the donation of the Dwinelle collection by Chipman's sons.

EFFINGER, ROBERT PATTERSON (1826-99). PAPERS, 1849-50, 1852. 43 items. Papers of an Ohio lawyer who came to California as a member of the staff of John B. Weller, who was appointed United States Commissioner to fix the boundary line between California and Mexico. Effinger remained in California fifteen months; six months working as an Assistant Computer with the United States Commission in San Diego, five months practicing law in San Francisco with Jesse B. Hart, and four months in Humboldt and Trinidad Bays, as secretary and attorney for the Laura Virginia Company. The collection consists primarily of letters Effinger wrote to his family just prior to embarking on his voyage to California througb the time he left San Francisco. His letters from San Francisco describe the city, the cost of living, gambling houses, hotels and saloons, effects Qf the gold discovery, lawlessness and vice: and indentured Australian women sent to San Francisco. In addition, there is a small amount of material related to his work with the United States Commission in San Diego, his law practice, and his involvement with the Laura Virginia Company.

EWER, FERDINAND CARTWRIGHT (1826-83). DIARY, 1826-60. 1 volume. Diary-scrapbook kept by Ewer, a minister of Grace Episcopal Church, journalist, and prominent civic leader of San Francisco. The diary, part of which is written in retrospect, covers his childhood in Massachusetts and New York, his 1849 sea voyage to San Francisco, work on various newspapers in Sacramento and San Francisco, involvement in business, political and social life of San Francisco, church activities, and occasional references to his family.

Farkas, Lani Ah Tye. Bury my bones in America : the saga of a Chinese family in California, 1852-1996 : from San Francisco to the Sierra gold mines.Nevada City, Calif.: Carl Mautz Publishing, c1998.

Faugsted, George Edward. The Chilenos in the California Gold Rush. San Francisco: R and E Research Associates, 1973.

Folsom, Joseph Libbey. A letter of Captain J. L. Folsom reporting on conditions in California in 1848. From the original in the collection of Thos. W. Norris. Livermore, CA: T. W. Norris, 1944.

FOLSOM, JOSEPH LIBBY (1817-55). PAPERS, 1834, 1847-59, 1869-70. 1/2 box. Papers of Folsom, who was a captain in the United States Army, Assistant 0uartermaster of Stevenson's regiment, and a major California landowner. The collection deals primarily with the estate of William A. Leidesdorff whicb Folsom purchased from Leidesdorff's mother, Anna Maria Spark, and contains numerous legal papers whicb pertain to Folsom's suit against Mrs. Spark after she refused to accept the agreement she made to sell all rights to the estate to him. The papers also include mortgages, indentures, and city tax bills documenting Folsom's property ownership; some material relating to his position as Assistant Quartermaster with the Army; and papers concerning his estate, handled by his executors, Henry W. Halleck, Archibald C. Peacby, and P. Warren Van Winkle. (MS 758, processed)

FORT POINT, SAN FRANCISCO. RECORDS, 1846, 1856-57. 28 items. Financial records kept by Lieutenant Colonel Rene Edward De Russy, Army Corps of Engineers, for the construction of Fort Point under his direction. The majority of the records are pay and cash statements. Also included are large numbers of vouchers for the purchase of supplies and services, 1855- 57. (MS 573, processed)

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Gaer, Joseph. The theatre of the gold rush decade in San Francisco. New York: B. Franklin, 1970.

Gardiner, Howard C. (Howard Calhoun). In pursuit of the golden dream; reminiscences of San Francisco and the northern and southern mines 1849-1857. Edited by Dale L. Morgan. Stoughton, MA: Western Hemisphere, 1970.

Gentry, Curt. The madams of San Francisco; an irreverent history of the city by the Golden Gate. Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday, 1964.

Gottlieb, Leon S. Gold-mining surgeon: Hugh Huger Toland, M.D., founder of the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine. Manhattan, KS: Sunflower University Press, c1985.

Gould, Milton S. A cast of hawks: a rowdy tale of greed, violence, scandal, and corruption in the early days of San Francisco. La Jolla, CA: Copley Books, c1985.

Grabhorn, Jane Bissell. A California gold rush miscellany comprising: the original journal of Alexander Barrington, nine unpublished letters from the gold mines, reproductions of early maps and towns from California lithographs; broadsides, &c., &c. San Francisco: The Grabhorn Press, 1934.

GREAT BRITAIN. CONSULATE GENERAL, SAN FRANCISCO. LETTERS, 1849-51, 1855-59, 1906. 1/2 box. Photographic copies of the official correspondence from the Consulate General to the British Foreign Office, presented to the California Historical Society on the occasion of the Consulate General's centenary in 1951. Among other subjects, the letters deal with the 1851 and 1856 San Francisco committees of vigilance, the British Hospital in San Francisco, the San Francisco Sailors Boarding House League, and the earthquake and fire of 1906.

Hale, Richard Lunt. The log of a forty-niner; journal of a voyage from Newburyport to San Francisco in the brig. Genl. Worth, commanded by Capt. Samuel Walton. Boston, MA: B. J. Brimmer company, 1923.

HALLECK, HENRY WAGER (1815-72). PAPERS, 1847, 1852-57, 1864. 8 items. Papers of prominent lawyer, senior member of the firm of Halleck, Peachy and Billings. The collection is composed of documents and letters which relate chiefly to claims made to the United States Land Commission that Halleck handled and prepared for clients, including W. H. Aspinwall's claim to Mare Island, and the claim by the heirs of Juan Read to the Sausalito land grant. Also included is a letter from George Gordon to Halleck concerning the estate of Joseph Libby Folsom.

Hansen, Gladys C. San Francisco almanac: everything you want to know about everyone's favorite city. Completely rev. and expanded. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, c1995.

HAWES, HORACE (1813-71). PAPERS, 1850. Photostatic copies, 6 items. Papers of Hawes, a lawyer and prefect of the city of San Francisco from 1849 to 1850. Includes an order from Governor Peter H. Burnett suspending further sales of city lands, and several items concerning an illegal order issued by Mayor John W. Geary.

HAWKS, NELSON CROCKER (1840-1929). PAPERS, 1855-56, 1862-63, 1869-96. 17 volumes. Personal and business papers of Hawks, a printer, inventor of the American Point System for type bodies, and foreman of the Pacific Type Foundry. The bulk of the collection consists of diaries which Hawks began while living in Delafield, Wisconsin, and continued after he moved to San Francisco, where he established the Pacific Type Foundry as a branch of the Chicago Type Foundry. The diaries provide thorough descriptions of his personal and business affairs. The collection includes a letterbook from the Pacific Type Foundry, 1875-76, and a letterbook, 1875-81, containing copies of correspondence with the Chicago Type Foundry, Marder, Luse and Company. Also, a scrapbook with items referring to the Pacific Type Foundry. (Kemble Collections)

HAYS, JOHN COFFEY (1817-83). PAPERS, 1845-58, 1864, 1874. 3 boxes and 4 volumes. Papers of the sheriff of San Francisco, 1850-53, and United States Surveyor General for California, 1853-57. The bulk of the collection covers the period. Hays served as sheriff and consists chiefly of legal papers and documents pertaining to his activities as tax collector and agent of the Superior Court. Included are two ledger volumes of state and county tax records, one volume listing property sold for non-payment of taxes, depositions, summonses and other legal papers. The collection also contains Hays' field notes for the survey of the San Diego Pueblo Lands, and letters concerning surveys and land claims during his tenure as Deputy Surveyor and the Surveyor General. A few items relate to the Berryessa Rancho and the New Almaden Ouicksilver Mine, and to Hays' ownership of Redwood Ranch in San Francisco.

Hernández Cornejo, Roberto. Los chilenos en San Francisco de California (recuerdos históricos de la emigración por los descubrimientos del oro, iniciada en 1848). Valparaíso: Imp. San Rafael, 1930.

HEWES, DAVID (1822-1915). PAPERS, 1844-77. 1 box. Papers of a businessman who graded and leveled many of San Francisco's hills and sand dunes, and thereby shaped the topography of the city. The collectioncontains personal and business correspondence, 1850-77, documents dealing with property owned by Hewes, legal papers, and contracts, agreements and other papers related to street improvements. The collection also contains the estate papers of John Hart, from the period Hewes served as administrator of the estate, 1863-70.

Holliday, J. S. The world rushed in: the California gold rush experience. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983, c1981.

HOTCHKISS, EDWARD (1824-?). PAPERS, 1850-51. 37 items, including typewritten copies of the letters. Letters written by a young merchant to his mother, describing his voyage to California; his activities in San Francisco where he spent fifteen months investigating prospects for trade for his firm, Hotchkiss & Bros. of New Haven, Connecticutt; and his return voyage via the East Indies. Included is a diary of his return voyage in 1851.

Jacobson, Pauline. City of the golden 'fifties. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1941.

Jordan, Rudolf. Memories. San Francisco: Society of California Pioneers, 1927.

KING OF WILLIAM, JAMES (1822-56). PAPERS, 1850-51, 1854-55. 7 items. Papers of the editor and publisber of the "Bulletin", whose assassination by James P. Casey led to the formation of the 1856 Vigilance Committee. The collection includes an 1850 agreement between King and A. W. Renshaw to enter into the lumber business, and an agreement between King and a workman to plank the roadway in front of King and Henry Reed's Market Street lot, 1855.

Knower, Daniel. The adventures of a forty-niner. An historic description of California, with events and ideas of San Francisco and its people in those early days. [Microform]. Albany: Weed-Parsons Print Co., 1894.

Koon, Helene Wickham. How Shakespeare won the West: players and performances in America's Gold Rush, 1849-1865. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1989.

Kurutz, Gary F. The California gold rush: a descriptive bibliography of books and pamphlets covering the years 1848-1853. San Francisco: Book Club of California, 1997.

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Lapp, Rudolph M. Blacks in Gold Rush California. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977.

LATHAM, MILTON SLOCUM (1827-82). PAPERS, 1848-69, 1890, 1921. 2 boxes. Papers of lawyer, congressman, 1853-55, governor, 1860, and senator, 1860-63, of California. Spanning the years during which Latham was a lawyer and politician, the collection contains his United States senatorial correspondence, documents referring to several political scandals in which he was involved, and legal documents. The letters are primarily to Latham and are concerned witb state and local Democratic politics, 1857-62; the California senatorial controversy of 1857; and Civil War problems dealing with the defense of the West and of overland mail routes. Smaller groups of correspondence reflect an 1860 inquiry of opium duties in 1857; the Pony Express and other overland mails, 1860-62; San Francisco newspaper rivalry, 1860; the Bulkhead Bill, 1860; the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce and certain of its members' attitudes on local drayage, warehousing, and coinage problems, 1860-62; and land claims, 1860.

LEIDESDORFF, WILLIAM ALEXANDER (1810-48).PAPERS, 1834-57. 1/2 box. Papers of an early San Francisco resident, town official, and United States Vice-Consul. The collection consists of Leidesdorff's correspondence, 1845-47, as the Vice-Consul, including a letter from Francisco Guerrero concerning his appointment; and photostats of letters to Leidesdorff from Thomas O. Larkin and John B. Montgomery dealing with his appointment and the American conquest of California. A small group of letters, accountbooks, orders and receipts reflect Leidesdorff's activities as a merchant in the town of Yerba Buena (San Francisco), 1834-48. A part of the collection relates to Leidesdorff's land grant "Rio de los Americanos", and the legal battle between Joseph Libby Folsom and Anna Maria Spark, Leidesdorff's mother, regarding the inheritance of Leidesdorff's estate. The collection contains papers of Henry W. Halleck from his legal practice with the law firm of Halleck, Peachy and Billings. The papers consist of Halleck's drafts for clients' land grant claims and other legal documents, including some dealing with Leidesdorff's grant.

Levy, JoAnn. They saw the elephant : women in the California gold rush. Hamden, Ct.: Archon Books, 1990.

Lewis, Oscar. A family of builders; the story of the Haases and Thompsons, California pioneers since Gold Rush days. San Francisco: Priv. Print., 1961.

Lewis, Oscar. Lola Montez; the mid-Victorian bad girl in California. San Francisco: The Colt press, c1938.

Lewis, Oscar. San Francisco: mission to metropolis. Berkeley, CA: Howell-North Books, 1966.

Lockwood, Charles. Suddenly San Francisco: The Early years of an instant city. San Francisco, CA: San Francisco Examiner Press, Division of the Hearst Corporation, c1978.

LONE MOUNTAIN CEMETERY COMPANY. RECORDS, 1858-65. 1 volume. Account book of company that operated one of the city's oldest cemeteries.

Loney, Glenn, ed. California Gold-rush plays. New York: Performing Arts Journal Publications, c1983.
 
Lotchin, Roger W. San Francisco, 1846-1856: from hamlet to city. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, [1979] c1974.

Marryat, Francis Samuel. North Bay journal and visits to gold rush San Francisco: excerpts from Mountains and molehills or, Recollections of a burnt journal. Santa Rosa, CA: Clio Publications, c1977.

Marryat, Frank. Mountains and molehills; or, Recollections of a burnt journal. San Francisco: California Literary Research Project, 1935?.

Martin, George Whitney. Verdi at the Golden Gate: opera and San Francisco in the Gold Rush years. Foreword by Lotfi Mansouri. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1993.

Massey, Ernest de. A Frenchman in the gold rush. San Francisco: California Historical Society, 1927.

McMurtrie, Douglas C. (Douglas Crawford). The Pacific Typographical Society and the California gold rush of 1849: a forgotten chapter in the history of typographical unionism in America. Chicago: Ludlow Typograph Co., 1928.

Megquier, Mary Jane. Apron full of gold: the letters of Mary Jane Megquier from San Francisco, 1849-1856. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, [1994], c1949.

Metlar, George W. Northern California, Scott & Klamath rivers, their inhabitants and characteristics ... : A true portrait of the miner, his habits and customs ... : Together with a life-like picture of San Francisco. [Microform]. Yreka: Yreka Union Office, J. Tyson, printer, 1856.

Monaghan, Jay. Australians and the California Gold Rush. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.

Monaghan, Jay. Chile, Peru, and the California gold rush of 1849. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.

Morison, Dr. James. By sea to San Francisco, 1849-50 : the journal of Dr. James Morison. Edited by Lonnie J. White and William R. Gillaspie. Memphis, TN: Memphis State University Press, c1977.

Mullen, Kevin J. Let justice be done: crime and politics in early San Francisco. Reno: University of Nevada Press, c1989.

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O'FARRELL, JASPER (1817-75). PAPERS,  1844-49, 1857-64, n.d. 17 items. Letters, map, and notes pertaining to the surveys of San Francisco, Clark's Point, and the town of Sonoma done by O'Farrell. The collection contains letters from Washington A. Bartlett, mayor of San Francisco, requesting O'Farrell's services for the survey of the city; Thomas O. Larkin regarding a survey of his ranch in Sonoma; and John A. Sutter concerning a survey of his property. Also included is a partnership agreement between O'Farrell, Jacob P. Leese, and Samuel Norris to enter into a mining operation, and a letter concerning O'Farrell's patents for the Estero Americano and Canada de Jonive land grants.

OGDEN, RICHARD LIVINGSTON (l825?-l9OO). PAPERS, n.d. 1/2 box. Two autobiographical sketches by Ogden, dealing with the Mexican War, where he served as Assistant Quartermaster of the Department of the Pacific, and his later life in San Francisco and California. Ogden established the firm of Ogden and Haynes, commission merchants in San Francisco in the early l85Os, and was one of the founders of the Kimball Carriage and Car Manufacturing Company in the 1860s and 1870s. He was also the first president of the reorganized San Francisco Yacht Club.

PAGE, FRANCIS W. PAPERS. 1850-57. 19 items. Papers of a partner in the banking house of Page, Bacon & Company; including a diary kept by Page during California's financial panic of 1855 in which he describes the struggles to save Page, Bacon & Company's San Francisco branch; and a printed announcement of the suspension of business at the branch office due to lack of credit. There are also business letters to Page, including one from John Parrott discussing his business affairs in California after Page had returned to St. Louis, Missouri.

Parker, Elizabeth L. A walking tour of the Black presence in San Francisco during the nineteenth century; a Black history week event. San Francisco: African American Historical and Cultural Society, 1974.

PAUL, ALMARIN BROOKS (1823-?).REMINISCENCES, 1878-83. 1 volume. Autobiographical sketch covering Paul's life from young adulthood in Missouri, copper mining in Michigan, voyage to California in 1849 and the gold rush, business activities, employment as a journalist with the "Bulletin" during the editorship of James King of William, King of William's assassination and the 1856 Committee of Vigilance, and mining in the Comstock Lode.

Pierce, Hiram Dwight. A forty-niner speaks ; a chronological record of the observations and experiences of a New Yorker and his adventures in various mining localities in California, his return trip across Nicaragua, including several descriptions of the changes in San Francisco and other mining centers from March 1849 to January, 1851. With illustrations by the author. Oakland, CA: Keystone-Inglett Printing Co., 1930.

RIX FAMILY. PAPERS, 1849-56, 1877-1901. 1 box. Papers of Alfred, a judge and attorney, his wife Chastina, and their sons Julian, an artist, and Edward, a businessman. Includes a diary kept by Alfred and Chastina from the time of their 1849 marriage in Vermont through 1854 and the purchase of their home in San Francisco; Chastina's diary from her 1853 voyage to San Francisco; copies of letters from Alfred and Chastina to family and friends back East; and copies of letters from Julian and Edward to an aunt. (MS 1797, unprocessed diaries, processed)
Royce, Josiah. California, from the conquest in 1846 to the second vigilance committee in San Francisco [1856]: A study of American character. Boston & New York: Houghton, Mifflin, 1886.

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SAILOR'S HOME. RECORDS, 1857-62. 1 volume. Register of occupants, includes name of person, vessel, origin of vessel, dates of arrival and departure, other vessels sailed in and where bound. The home was managed by the Ladies Seamen's Friends Society.

SAN FRANCISCO EARLY DOCUMENTS. SCRAPBOOKS,  1838-77. 1 volume. Collection of nineteen letters and forty-eight documents relating to early San Francisco and signed by many pioneer residents. The majority of the items relate to the business affairs of William A. Leidesdorff and Joseph L. Folsom, and to their estates. There are also several letters and a speech written by William M. Gwin.

SAN FRANCISCO. COMMITTEE OF VIGILANCE, 1856. RECORDS,  1856. 1/2 box. Membership and financial records of the Twenty-third Company, which was under the command of Captain John T. Little. The collection includes an account of the Vigilance Committee written by Almarin B. Paul, journalist for the San Francisco "Bulletin"; minutes of a May meeting; and two resolutions opposing the Committee's actions.

SAN FRANCISCO. COUNCIL (1847-5O). RECORDS, 1847-48. 1 volume. First financial record of San Francisco kept by the elected treasurer, William Alexander Leidesdorff. The journal contains over two hundred entries for cash received and expended, including payments made for the salary of Alcalde George Hyde; the first survey of San Francisco by Jasper O'Farrell; and construction of streets, wharves, and the first schoolhouse.

SAN FRANCISCO. FIRE DEPARTMENT. RECORDS, 1855-86. 4 volumes. Record of fires and alarms, 1855-86, includes date, time, place, description of property, names of owners and residents, estimate of loss, insurance and amount of insurance paid.

SAN FRANCISCO. KNICKERBOCKER ENGINE COMPANY, NO. 5. RECORDS, 1850-66. 2 volumes. Minutes, lists of members, and constitution of a pioneer Fire Department company.

SAN FRANCISCO. OLD ST. MARY'S CHURCH. RECORDS, 1853, 1855. 8 pages. Letter from the architectural firm of Crain and England to Archbishop Joseph Sadoc Alemany, regarding masonry work done on Old St. Mary's Church.William Crain and Thomas England designed and modeled the church after a church in Archbishop Alemany's hometown in Spain. The letter includes the contract listing the work done, by whom, and the costs.

Scherer, James Augustin Brown. The first forty-niner and the story of the golden tea-caddy. New York: Minton, Balch & company, 1925.

Schmölder, B. The emigrant's guide to California : describing its geography, agricultural and commercial resources, containing a well arranged list of the commodities most desirable for exporting to that country, with a table of the duties : Also, some useful information for commanders of vessels, and for the overland travellers through Texas, together with a valuable map, on which the various routes are traced, and an authentic sketch of San Francisco : to which is appended the governor of California's (Colonel Mason's) official despatches concerning the gold districts. [Microform]. London : P. Richardson, 1848?

SCHWEITZER, MELVILLE. PAPERS, 1846-78. 1/2 box. Papers collected by Schweitzer who was a member of the California Historical Society. The collection contains an 1850 letterbook of James King of William, and a handwritten history of the Howard Engine Company, No. 3, a volunteer fire department which was organized by William David Merry Howard, Joseph L. Folsom, and Samuel Brannan. The account gives a list of the men who served in the company. Also included are documents of the Bear Flag Battalion, known as the California Battalion of Mounted Riflemen, formed by John C. Fremont. These papers pertain primarily to the financial accounts kept by the Quartermaster, Jacob R. Snyder.

Senkewicz, Robert M. Vigilantes in gold rush San Francisco. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1985.

Senkewicz, Robert Michael. Business and politics in gold rush San Fransisco, 1851-1856. Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University. Ann Arbor, Mich: University Micro-films International, 1977

Serven, James Edsall. San Francisco gunmakers; from gold rush days to the turn of the century in the city by the Golden Gate was the Far West's busiest supply center. Washington, D.C.: Natl. Rifle Assn. of America, 1950.

SHERMAN, RICHARD MITCHELL (1813-?). PAPERS, 1844-64.  1 box. Business papers of a San Francisco merchant, consisting of indentures, leases, and receipts. They pertain mainly to his real estate holdings in San Francisco and his mercantile business with his brother, William. The collection includes a diary kept by Sherman while he was a crew member aboard the ships George Champlin, 1844-46, and the Emphraioa, 1846-48.

Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), Recollections of California, 1846-1861. Biobooks, 1945.

Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh). A letter of Lieut. W.T. Sherman reporting on conditions in California in 1848: from the original in the collection of Thos. W. Norris. San Francisco: Grabhorn Press, 1947.

SHERMAN, WILLIAM TECUMSEH (1820-91). LETTERS, 1869-90. 1 volume of original letters, l volume with typed copies. Letters from Sherman to his friend, John T. Doyle, a San Francisco attorney. Primarily of a personal nature, the letters also discuss Sherman's years  (1853-59) in San Francisco, the 1856 Vigilance Committee, national politics in the Reconstruction and post-Reconstruction periods, and his activities as a famous Civil War general.

Sherman, William Tecumseh. Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. New York: Appleton, c1875.

Shirley, Dame. The Shirley letters from California mines. San Francisco, CA: Thomas C. Russell, [1922?].

SMITH, STEPHEN S. PAPERS, 1850-72. 68 items, including 2 volumes. Ledger and account book from Smith's wholesale and retail lumber yard. The co1lection also contains a complaint in the lawsuit of James Lick versus George C. Potter, Smith and others concerning the ownership of several lots in San Francisco; and several receipts.

SNYDER, JACOB RINK (1812-78). PAPERS, 1852-53. 2 items. Letter from James King of William to Snyder stating his desire to sever their business partnership in King's banking firm; and a certificate signed by President Franklin Pierce appointing Snyder the United States Assistant Treasurer at San Francisco. Snyder, a businessman, legislator and member of John C. Fremont's Bear Flag Battalion, served as Assistant Treasurer under Presidents Pierce and Buchanan.

SPEAR, NATHAN (1802-49). PAPERS, 1831, 1836-40, 1849. 9 items. Business letters written to Spear, a prominent businessman in San Francisco during the late l84Os, from associates in the Sandwich Islands and San Francisco. Includes letters from Stephen Reynolds in the Sandwich Islands discussing the political situation there, the commercial treaty of 1839, and general trade and business conditions, 1839, 1849; and from Jacob P. Leese and William S. Hinckley, 1836-38, concerning business affairs and trade in San Francisco and the Sandwich Islands.

Stillman, J. D. B. (Jacob Davis Babcock). Seeking the Golden fleece; a record of pioneer life in California: to which is annexed Footprints of early navigators, other than Spanish, in California; with an account of the voyage of the schooner Dolphin.  San Francisco & New York: A. Roman & Co., 1877.

Swasey, Capt. W. View of San Francisco, formerly Yerba Buena, in 1846-7, before the discovery of gold. Ithaca: Historic Urban Plans, 1968.

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Taber, Louise Eddy. California gold rush days; stories from the radio series broadcast. San Francisco: Louise E. Taber, 1936.

Taylor, Bayard. Eldorado, or, Adventures in the path of empire: comprising a voyage to California, via Panama; life in San Francisco and Monterey; pictures of the gold region, and experiences of Mexican travel. New York: G. P. Putnam, 1857.

Taylor, Mart. The gold digger's song book: containing the most popular humorous and sentimental songs. San Francisco: Book Club of California, 1975.

Taylor, Rinaldo Rinaldini. Seeing the elephant; letters of R. R. Taylor, forty-niner. Edited by John Walton Caughey. Los Angeles: W. Ritchie Press, c1951.

THORNT0N-CRESWELL FAMILY. PAPERS, 1835-1942, 1960-64. 3 boxes. Papers of Harry Innes Thornton (1797-1861), member of the 1851 Land Commission for California; his son, Harry Innes Thornton (1833-95), lawyer, California State Senator, and officer in the Confederate Army; his grandnephew, Harry Thornton Creswell, San Francisco City and County Attorney and Police Commissioner; and his great grandnephew, Harry Innes Thornton Creswell, military attache to Tokyo. The collection includes some papers relating to the senior Thornton's appointment to the Land Commission and a notebook he kept while working as a Land Commissioner, 1851-61. Papers and letters written to Thornton, Jr. relate chiefly to his activities in the Civil War, 1861-65. There are scattered personnel letters written by H. T. Creswell to family and friends, 1896-1915; and letters from H. I. T. Creswell to his mother while serving in Tokyo, 1924-42, and letters to him on various matters, 1960-64. In addition, the collection contains a small amount of correspondence and papers of other relatives, 1835-1910.

Thurman, Sue Bailey. Pioneers of Negro origin in California. San Francisco: Acme Pub. Co. 1952.

Tracy, J. Perkins. Missouri Bill's trust: or, The young reporter of 'Frisco. A tale of the days of gold. San Francisco: Dramatic Publishing Co., 187-?.

Umbeck , John R. A theory of property rights: with application to the California gold rush. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1981.

VARNEY, THOMAS (?-l9OO) and VARNEY, MARIA (?-1888). DIARIES, 1849, 1852-54, 1857-58, 1875-78. 1 box. Diaries kept by Varney, an inventor and businessman, and his wife, Maria. The 1849 diary was written during Varney's voyage to California and describes life aboard ship, crossing the Isthmus of Panama, and hopes of making his fortune in the gold mines. Three of the journals contain his experiments with gunpowder at the Giant Powder Works, with cartridges, engines, and with a burner for use as a lamp; also notes of progress in a property suit; and drafts of letters to newspapers, and a letter concerning a fraudulent patent. Mrs. Varney's diary is a combination scrapbook. It contains few written entries and is comprised chiefly of newspaper clippings of letters to the editor written by her. The written entries deal with her feelings at leaving her mother and going to California to join her husband, and the death of her young daughter. The newspaper letters cover a variety of subjects including social reforms, the improvement of women's position, children's education, temperance, slavery and secession, and health.

Walker, Jon Jeffrey. The intellectual grounding of the San Francisco Committee of Vigilance of 1851. 1993.

WALLACE, ROBERT B. (1830-61). LETTERS, 1852-60. 42 items. Letters written by Wallace to his family in Pennsylvania, discussing the 1856 San Francisco Vigilance Committee and his role as an aide to William Tell Coleman, the Committee's leader; and the duel between David C. Broderick and David S. Terry, and Terry's subsequent trial. Wallace was appointed deputy sheriff under Sheriff George Ellis following the return of law and order and the dissolution of the Committee.

WHEELER, ALFRED (1822-1903). DIARY, 1849. 1 volume. Diary kept by a prominent San Francisco lawyer and author of Land Titles of San Francisco (1852), during his 1849 voyage from New York to San Francisco aboard the Hannah Sprague. Describes shipboard life, weather, and attitudes of the passengers.

WHEELER, ALFRED (1822-1903). PAPERS, 1851, 1858. 4 items. Miscellaneous papers of Wheeler, including an 1851 deed between him, William Squire Clark, and Washington Tam, for property in San Francisco; and his commissions for notary public in San Francisco, 1851, and San Mateo County, 1858.

WHEELER, ALFRED (1822-1903). PAPERS, 1856. 6 items. Legal papers related to a suit filed by Wheeler against Frederick Marriott, his business partner, and other of his creditors. Includes a letter to his attorneys, C. R. Saunders and James C. Cary, an agreement between Wheeler and his creditors, the creditors' court petition, and a court summons.

WHITCOMB, ADOLPHUS C. (1827-88). PAPERS,  1847-1900. 2 boxes. Papers of a wealthy lawyer and landowner. The collection consists primarily of legal papers from Whitcomb's law practice, 1847-79, and papers pertaining to his real estate holdings, 1860-89. Included in the collection are papers from Whitcomb's estate, 1888-1900, kept by Jerome Lincoln and James Otis, administrators of the estate. Among these papers is a notebook of maps showing Whitcomb's property holdings in San Francisco. The Lincoln material also contains papers from his law practice, his real estate ventures and holdings, and letters from his son, Jerome B. Lincoln regarding family investments in the Richmond and Danville Railroad in Virginia, 1868-1900.

White, Stewart Edward. Old California in picture and story; De luxe ed. New York: Garden City publishing Co., Inc., 1939.

Williams, Mary Floyd. History of the San Francisco Committee of Vigilance of 1851: a study of social control on the California frontier in the days of the gold rush. Berkeley, CA: University of  California Press, 1921.

Williams, Stephen. The Chinese in the California mines, 1848-1860. [Stanford, CA.: 1930], San Francisco: R and E Research Associates, 1971].

WINCHESTER, JONAS (1810-87). PAPERS, 1829-87. l box. Typewritten copies of family and business correspondence and diary excerpts of an early San Francisco journalist who was editor and part owner of the San Francisco "Pacific News".and was the California State Printer from 1850 to 1851. Correspondents include Cornelius Vanderbilt, Peter Burnett, Horace Greeley, Ferdinand C. Ewer, and Charles Sumner.

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. SAN FRANCISCO (1853-). RECORDS, 1853-1964. 23 volumes. Minutes of directors' meetings, 1853-1964; minutes of the meetings of the board of trustees, 1881-1955; minutes of annual meetings, 1881-1921, 1941-61; and minutes of meetings of the directors of the YMCA Hotel, 1943-56.

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